Zusammenfassung
Zur Bestimmung der drei wichtigsten Schilddrüsenautoantikörper (SDAK) gegen Thyreoglobulin
(TAK), den TSH-Rezeptor (TRAK) und die thyreoidale Peroxidase (TPOAK) stehen heute
mehrere kommerziell verfügbare Assays zur Verfügung. Die weit verbreitete Messung
dieser drei Parameter hat die autoimmunen Schilddrüsenerkrankungen (AITD) als die
häufigsten Autoimmunerkrankungen überhaupt identifiziert. Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht
einen Überblick über immunbiologische und epidemiologische Aspekte der SDAK und die
zur Verfügung stehenden Testsysteme zu geben. Da in der letzten Dekade die Weiterentwicklung
der TRAK-Assays das Hauptbetätigungsfeld der einschlägigen Arbeitsgruppen bildete,
wird auf die TRAK und konsequenterweise auf den Morbus Basedow verstärkt eingegangen.
Insgesamt soll der Fokus auf aktuell gesicherten Indikationen zur Bestimmung der SDAK
in der klinischen Praxis liegen.
Abstract
Commercial assays to measure the three most important thyroid autoantibodies against
thyroglobulin (TgAb), the TSH receptor (TRAb) and the thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) are
now available. The widespread measurement of these three parameters has identified
autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) as the most common autoimmune diseases. The present
article tries to review immunobiological and epidemiological aspects as well as the
available detection techniques. Since TRAb assays were most improved by named research
groups in the last decade, TRAb and consequently Graves’ disease are reviewed in particular.
Furthermore, current indications for thyroid autoantibody testing in clinical practice
are supposed to be the focus.
Schlüsselwörter
Schilddrüsenautoantikörper - Basedow - Hashimoto - TRAK - Tg-AK - TPO-AK
Key words
thyroid autoantibodies - Graves’ disease - Hashimoto's disease - TRAb - TgAb - TPOAb
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Korrespondenzadresse
PD Dr. Klaus Zöphel
Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin
Medizinische Fakultät „Carl Gustav Carus”
Technische Universität Dresden
Fetscherstraße 74
01307 Dresden
Phone: +49/351/458-13879
Fax: +49/351/458-5347
Email: klaus.zoephel@uniklinikum-dresden.de
